Radiator.



" S. LAVINB.

RADIATOR. Ammann); rmzb JULY e,l 1909.

l? lelllTElU lPaibll @FFEJE SAMUEL LAVNEQF DETROET, MC-IIGAN.

RADIATOR.

Specification or Letters Patent,

Application filed July 6, 1909.

'rateiieea nee. ai, ieee. serial no'. 506.248.

To all uri/1am it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL Lavinia, a citizen of the United States of America, resitting at Detroit, in the. county of idlayne and State of' Michigan, have invented cei-,

ture, is not liable to injury in use and is very edici'ent in its operation. v

A To this end the invention consists in the forni and arrangement of tubes7 which forni and arrangement give an increased external surfacey to the tubes in proportion to their cross sectional area over tubes of devices of this characterl as ordinarilyconstructed, and to also forni tortnons passages for the lluid having right angle bends to frictionally r0- tard. the flow.

The' invention further consists in certain other new and useful features, all as hereinafter more fnllvdesrribed reference being had to the accompanying drawing in which,

Figure 1 is a iront elevation ot a radiator embodying the invention and illustrating the manner in which the tubes are assembled; Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective detail of a number of tubes arranged-in assembled position and .showing the tubes4 in cross section; Fig. Il is a sectional detail o'l a series of tubes showing a inodilird arrangeL nient of the saine within the radiator: Fig. 4 is a detail o'l` the ends of the tubos showing the one end in longitudinal section and the other end in elevation: and Fig. is a perspective detail oli' one ot' the tubes detached and showing one end ot the sinne in section.

As shown in Fig.- l, the body ot the radiator niade up 0i' a series ot horizontall)Y extending tubes l, lnclosed within a frame or casing 2 with a tank 3 at the top and a tank d at the bottom communicating with the spaces between the tubes so that water in the upper tank niay pass downward through the tortuous passages formed between the tubes into the lower tank, said tanks being connected ,in use with the water jacket of the engine in the usual manner to complete the circuit. The tubes l are set in the radiator in a horizontal position so that the air inay-pass freely through them and inpassing quickly cool the thin stream ot' water tricltling downward over their outer surfaces. These tubes are cruel-form in cross section each being formed with four grooves o the walls of which nieet at right angles forming four inwardly projecting right angle corners b and 'eight outer right angle corners c the spaces between the grooves a forming the four sides l of each tube. These tubes may be formed with a continuous wall, or as shown in Fig. 5 they may be niade from a flat sheet of metal folded into tubular form andthe longitudinal edges of the metal overlapped and soldered together. The metal at each end of each tube is folded back upon the tube, as shown at e and when the tubes are assembled -they are placed one upon another 'with their inturned flanges e in Contact, and these flanges securely soldered together. The flanges 'thus serve to space the intermediate portions ot the tubes one from another providing a water space entirely around each tube and the inturning or folding of the metal at the ends of the tubes also strengthens the device materially preventing the same :troni being easily damaged and preventing the radiator from leakiug'when struck a severe blow on the end of the tubes. These tubes are set in .tthe radiator in rows with spaces between 'the adjacent sides of the tubes forming each row and the tubes of oneV row are so setrelative to the tubes of the ad.-

iacent row and said tubes are so proportioned that the protecting side d of one row vwill extend into the spaces in the adjacent side oJL the next row which spaces are formed by the grooves a, and the space between said side Z and the Walls ot the grooves will be equal to the space between the tubes forming each of the rows, thus providing a uniform Water space entirely,

around each ol the tubes. he angles c of the tubes being right angles, the bends o the passages for the water between the tubes are right an le bends and the Water flowing downward tlirough these tortuous passages from the u per to the lower tank is thus retarded by tie many sharp angles over which it must rtlow.

The tubes are preferably set or arranged as shown in Fig. :2, being placed in horizontal rows with spaces between the adjacent sides d ofthe tubes of each row andthe tubes of the next adjacent row above or below are placed opposite' these spaces, and

thus the Water entering the spaces from the upper tank iows into each space between the tubes of one row then divides and Hows each way around Ithe opposing tube of the next row below. The tubes may, however, be set in the radiator as illustrated in Fig. 3 being arranged in vertical rows with spaces between the tubes of each row, but in this -construction the water may pass down the tortuous passage between adjacent rows without passing entirely around each tube, I therefore prefer thearrangement shown in Fig. 2, but do not wish to limit myself to said arra ement.

Having thus fully escribed my invention what I c aim is:- 'A

l. A radiator comprisingtubes of cruciform in cross section arranged in rows with the laterally projecting portions of the tubes of one row projecting into the spaces between the laterally projecting portions of the tubes of the adjacent gows with spaces between the rows formingtortuous passages.

2. A radiator comprising tubes each grooved longitudinally to formprojecting portions between, said projecting portions forming the four sides of the tube, and said tubes being spaced apart to form tortuous passages between the tubes.

3. radiator comprising tubes each grooved longitudinally, forming four inwardly projecting right angle corners and eight outer rightangle corners, then` spaces 'l between the'grooves forming the four sides of the tube and said tubes being spaced apart to form'tortuous passages between the tubes, the turns of which passages are rightangle bends.

4. A radiator comprising tubes each.`

each formed with longitudinal grooves f forming four inwardly projecting rightangle corners and eight outer right-angle corners, the projecting portions between the grooves forming the four sides of the tube, and said tubes secured together at their vends with a space of uniform width entirely around each tube, said tubes being arranged in rows withv spaces between the tubesof each row, and the projecting portions of the tubes of each row projecting laterally from said rows into adjacent grooves of adjacent rows with a space Abetween said portions and the walls of said grooves.

In testimony whereof I affix my signaturel in presence of two witnesses.`

SAMUEL LAVINE. Witnesses: f

ANNA M. Donn, Lnwis E. FLANDERS. 

